On the Importance of Experience-Based Work Action and Tacit Knowledge for Workplace and Social Innovation
Main Article Content
Abstract
Companies are increasingly facing uncertainties and a variety of dimensions of imponderability. Being innovative and economically successful in turbulent times moreover increasingly requires companies to address topics of sustainability and to respect requirements of customers and other stakeholders. Companies have to bring civil society back in to find solutions to current and future challenges. But this deeply challenges the traditional forms of organisation. After an era of re-engineering organisations towards standardised processes that where tightly bound to the logic of short-term profit and shareholder markets, companies have to open up and become agile and competent for dialogue on an organisational level. This development is accompanied by the necessity to cope with uncertainties instead of annihilating them. This article argues why the tacit and experiential knowledge of employees is the key factor to tackle uncertainties and to design appropriate workplace and organisational innovation. We will outline how these factors elude approaches to formalise or digitise them and are therefore endangered by objectification of work. A new quality of participation is needed to acknowledge and support the employees' tacit and experiential knowledge and experience-based work action to strengthen processes and results of workplace innovation and social innovation.
Article Details
How to Cite
Neumer, J., & Pfeiffer, S. (2015). On the Importance of Experience-Based Work Action and Tacit Knowledge for Workplace and Social Innovation. Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology, 6(11), 101–115. Retrieved from https://econjournals.sgh.waw.pl/wfes/article/view/508
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References
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Dick, M., Wehner, T., (2002), Wissensmanagement zur Einführung: Bedeutung, Definition, Konzepte, in: Lüthy, W., Voit, E., Wehner, T., eds., Wissensmanagement - Praxis. Einführung, Handlungsfelder und Fallbeispiele, Zürich: vdf Hochschulverlag
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Heidling, E., (2012), Management of the Informal by Situational Project Management, in: Böhle, F., Bürgermeister, M., Porschen, S., eds., Innovation Management by Promoting the Informal. Artistic, Experience-based, Playful, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer
Henderson, K., (1991), Flexible sketches and inflexible data bases: Visual communication, conscription devices, and boundary objects in design engineering, "Science, Technology & Human Values", 16 (4): 448-473
H0yrup, S., Bonnafous-Boucher, M., Hasse, C., (2012), Employee-Driven Innovation: A New Approach, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan
Howaldt, J., Kopp, R., Schwarz, M. T., (2009), Shaping Innovation by Social Research - the New Role of the Social Sciences, in: Harrisson, D., Szell, G., Bourque, R., eds., Social Innovation, the Social Economy and World Economic Development. Democracy and Labour Rights in an Era of Globalization, Frankfurt a. M.: Peter Lang
Huchler, N.; Sauer, S., (2015), Reflexive and experience-based trust and participatory research: Concept and methods to meet complexity and uncertainty in organisations, "International Journal of Action Research", 11 (1/2): 146-173
Kanter, R. M., (2006), Innovation. The classic traps, "Harvard Business Review", 84 (11): 72-83
Karasek, R., Theorell, T., (1990), Healthy Work. Stress, Productivity, and the Reconstruction of Working Life, New York: Basic
Kesting, P, Ulh0i, J. P., (2010), Employee-driven innovation: extending the license to foster innovation, "Management Decision", 48 (1): 65-84
Kratzer, N., (2013), Work-Life-Balance, in: Möslein, K., ed., Working knowledge. Arbeit gestalten in der Innovationsgesellschafi, Erlangen: FAU University Press
Kratzer, N., Dunkel, W., Menz, W., (2010), Employee participation in new forms of organisation and control opportunity for company health policies or potential for new burdens?, in: Garibaldo, F., Telljohann, V., eds., The Ambivalent Character of Participation. New Tendencies in Worker Participation in Europe, Frankfurt a. M.: Peter Lang
Kunda, G., (2006), Engineering culture. Control and commitment in a high-tech corporation, Philadelphia: Temple University Press
Lazonick, W., (2005), The Innovative Firm, in: Fagerberg, J., Mowery, D. C, Nelson, R.R., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Innovation, New York: Oxford University Press
Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D., Mehmood, A., Hamdouch, A., (2013), The International Handbook on Social Innovation. Collective Action, Social Learning and Transdisciplinary Research, Cheltenham, Northampton: Edward Elgar
Neumer, J., (2012), Management of the Informal by Decisions Within the Work Process, in: Böhle, F., Bürgermeister, M., Porschen, S., eds., Innovation Management by Promoting the Informal. Artistic, Experience-based, Playful, Berlin: Heidelberg: Springer
Nippa, M., (2007), Zur Komplexität der Innovationsorganisation, in: Engel, K., Nippa, M., eds., Innovationsmanagement. Von der Idee zum erfolgreichen Produkt, Heidelberg: Physica
Novy, A., Habersack, S., Schaller, B., (2013), Innovative forms of knowledge production: transdisciplinarity and knowledge alliances, in: Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D., Mehmood, A., Hamdouch, A., eds., The International Handbook on Social Innovation. Collective Action, Social Learning and Transdisciplinary Research, Cheltenham, Northampton: Edward Elgar
Pavitt, K., (2005), Innovation Process, in: Fagerberg, J., Mowery, D.C., Nelson, R.R., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Innovation, New York: Oxford University Press
Pfeiffer, S., (2014), Digital Labour and the Use-Value of Human Work. On the Importance of Labouring Capacity for Understanding Digital Capitalism, "tripleC. Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society", 12 (2): 599-619
Pfeiffer, S., Schütt, P., Wühr, D., (2010), Standardization of Production and Development Processes - Blessing or Curse?, in: Grubbström, R.W., Hinterhuber, H.H., eds., Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Working Seminar on Production Economics, Innsbruck
Pfeiffer, S., Sauer, S., Wühr, D., (2012), Designing the Design Process: Exploring Organisational Paradoxes of Scrum and Stage-Gate. Fullpaper for 28th EGOS Colloquium Design?! at Aalto University Helsinki: European Group of Organisation Studies
Polanyi, M., (2009), The Tacit Dimension, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Porschen, S., (2012), Management of the Informal by Cooperative Transfer of Experience, in: Böhle, F., Bürgermeister, M., Porschen, S., eds., Innovation Management by Promoting the Informal. Artistic, Experience-based, Playful, Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer
Porschen-Hueck, S., Neumer, J., (2015), Participation in enterprises and in research: The case of innovation work, "International Journal of Action Research", 11 (1/2): 174-194
Pot, F., Dhondt, S., Oeji, P., (2012), Social Innovation of Work and Employment, in: Franz, H.-W., Hochgerner, J., Howaldt, J., eds., Challenge Social Innovation. Potentials for Business, Social Entrepreneurship, Welfare and Civil Society, Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer
Rammert, W., (2008), Technik und Innovation, in: Maurer, A., Handbuch der Wirtschaftssoziologie, Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften
Schuler, H., Görlich, Y., (2007), Kreativität. Ursachen, Messung, Förderung und Umsetzung in Innovationen, Göttingen: Hogrefe
Spiegelaere, S. de, Gyes, G. van, Vandekerckhove, S., Hootegem, G. van (2012): Job Design and innovative work behavior. Enabling Innovation through Active or Low-strain Jobs, Working Paper April 2012, K.U. Leuven
Styhre, A., Ingelgard, A., Beausang, P., Castenfors, P., Mulec, K., Roth, J., (2001), Emotional management and stress: Managing ambiguities, "Organisation Studies", 23 (1): 83-103
Szell, G., (2009), Social Innovations and Labour, in: Harrisson, D., Szell, G., Bourque, R., eds., Social Innovation, the Social Economy and World Economic Development. Democracy and Labour Rights in an Era of Globalization, Frankfurt a. M.: Peter Lang
Teglborg-Lefevre, A., (2010), Modes of approach to employee-driven innovation, in: France: an empirical study, "Transfer - European Review of Labour and Research", 16(2): 211-226
Thurk, J., Fine, G., (2003), The problem of tools. Technology and the sharing of knowledge, "Acta Sociologica", 46 (2): 107-117
Wegner, G., (1995), Innovation, Komplexität und Erfolg. Zu einer ökonomischen Handlungstheorie des Neuen, in: Seifert, E.K., Priddat, B.P., eds., Neuorientierung in der ökonomischen Theorie. Zur moralischen, institutionellen und evolutorischen Dimension des Wirtschaftens, Marburg: Metropolis
Wühr, D., Pfeiffer, S., Schütt, P., (2015), Participatory research on innovation - Methodological approaches to challenges in the field and practical experiences, "International Journal of Action Research", 11 (1/2): 93-118
Bauer, H.G., Hemmer-Schanze, C., Munz, C., Wagner, J., (2012), Learning Innovation Work. Learning Concept and Framework, in: Böhle, F., Bürgermeister, M., Porschen, S. eds., Innovation Management by Promoting the Informal. Artistic, Experience-based, Playful, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer
Böhle, F., (1994), Relevance of experience-based work in modern processes, "AI & Society. Journal of Human Centred Systems and Machine Intelligence", 8 (3): 207-215
Böhle, F., (2009), Weder rationale Reflexion noch präreflexive Praktik - erfahrungsgeleitet- subjektivierendes Handeln, in: Böhle, F., Weihrich, M., eds., Handeln unter Unsicherheit, Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften
Böhle, F., (2011), Management of Uncertainty - A Blind Spot in the Promotion of Innovations, in: Jeschke, S., Isenhardt, I., Hees, F., Tantrow, S., eds., Enabling Innovation. Innovative Capability - German and International Views, Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer
Böhle, F., Pfeiffer, S., Porschen-Hueck, S., Sevsay-Tegethoff, N., (2011), Herrschaft durch Objektivierung. Zum Wandel von Herrschaft in Unternehmen, in: Bonß, W., Lau, C., eds., Macht und Herrschaft in der reflexiven Moderne, Weilerswist: Velbrück Wissenschaft
Böhle, F., (2013), Subjectifying Action as a Specific Mode of Working with Customers, in: Dunkel, W., Kleemann, F., eds., Customers at Work. New Perspectives on Interactive Service Work, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan
Böhle, F., Bürgermeister, M., Porschen, S., (2012), Innovation Management by Promoting the Informal. Artistic, Experience-based, Playful, Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer
Böhle, F., Bolte, A., Huchler, N., Neumer, J., Porschen-Hueck, S., Sauer, S., (2014), Vertrauen und Vertrauenswürdigkeit. Arbeitsgestaltung und Arbeitspolitik jenseits formeller Regulierung, Wiesbaden: Springer VS
Brockhoff, K., (1999), Forschung und Entwicklung. Planung und Kontrolle, München: Oldenbourg
Brunsson, N., Rasche, A., Seidl, D., (2012), The dynamics of standardization: Three perspectives on standards in organisation studies, "Organisation Studies", 33 (5/6): 613-632
Bürgermeister, M., Schambach, C., (2005), Beim Entwickeln kooperieren. Optimierung unternehmensübergreifender Fahrzeugentwicklung, München, Mering: Hampp
Coopey, J., Keegan, O., Emler, N., (1998), Managers Innovations and the Structuration of Organisations, "Journal of Management Studies", 35 (3): 263-284
Cooper, R., (2002), Top oder Flop in der Produktentwicklung. Erfolgsstrategien: Von der Idee bis zum Launch, Weinheim: Wiley
Cooper, R., Edgett, S., (2010), Developing a product innovation and technology strategy for your business, "Research-Technology Management", 53 (3): 33-40
Dell, C., (2012), Die improvisierende Organisation. Management nach dem Ende der Planbarkeit, Bielefeld: transcript
Dhondt, S., Pot, F. D., Kraan, K., (2014), The importance of organisational level decision latitude for well-being and organisational commitment, "Team Performance Management", 20 (7/8): 307-327
Dick, M., Wehner, T., (2002), Wissensmanagement zur Einführung: Bedeutung, Definition, Konzepte, in: Lüthy, W., Voit, E., Wehner, T., eds., Wissensmanagement - Praxis. Einführung, Handlungsfelder und Fallbeispiele, Zürich: vdf Hochschulverlag
Dortmund/Brussels Position Paper (2012): Workplace Innovation as Social Innovation. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/innovation/files/dortmund-brussels-position-paper-workplace-innovation_en.pdf last access 09.01.2015
Eeckelaert, L., Dhondt, S., Oeji, P., Pot, F., Nicolescu, G.I., Trifu, A., Webster, J., (2012), A review of workplace innovation and its relation with occupational safety and health, Luxembourg: European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
Erdmann, G., (1993), Elemente einer evolutorischen Innovationstheorie, Tübingen: Mohr
Garibaldo, F., Telljohann, V., (2010), The Ambivalent Character of Participation. New Tendencies in Worker Participation in Europe, Frankfurt a. M.: Peter Lang
Hadida, A., Tarvainen, W., (2015), Organisational Improvisation: A Consolidating Review and Framework, "International Journal of Management Reviews", (DOI: 10.1111/ijmr.12047) (published online Sep 2014; forthcoming in print)
Heidling, E., (2012), Management of the Informal by Situational Project Management, in: Böhle, F., Bürgermeister, M., Porschen, S., eds., Innovation Management by Promoting the Informal. Artistic, Experience-based, Playful, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer
Henderson, K., (1991), Flexible sketches and inflexible data bases: Visual communication, conscription devices, and boundary objects in design engineering, "Science, Technology & Human Values", 16 (4): 448-473
H0yrup, S., Bonnafous-Boucher, M., Hasse, C., (2012), Employee-Driven Innovation: A New Approach, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan
Howaldt, J., Kopp, R., Schwarz, M. T., (2009), Shaping Innovation by Social Research - the New Role of the Social Sciences, in: Harrisson, D., Szell, G., Bourque, R., eds., Social Innovation, the Social Economy and World Economic Development. Democracy and Labour Rights in an Era of Globalization, Frankfurt a. M.: Peter Lang
Huchler, N.; Sauer, S., (2015), Reflexive and experience-based trust and participatory research: Concept and methods to meet complexity and uncertainty in organisations, "International Journal of Action Research", 11 (1/2): 146-173
Kanter, R. M., (2006), Innovation. The classic traps, "Harvard Business Review", 84 (11): 72-83
Karasek, R., Theorell, T., (1990), Healthy Work. Stress, Productivity, and the Reconstruction of Working Life, New York: Basic
Kesting, P, Ulh0i, J. P., (2010), Employee-driven innovation: extending the license to foster innovation, "Management Decision", 48 (1): 65-84
Kratzer, N., (2013), Work-Life-Balance, in: Möslein, K., ed., Working knowledge. Arbeit gestalten in der Innovationsgesellschafi, Erlangen: FAU University Press
Kratzer, N., Dunkel, W., Menz, W., (2010), Employee participation in new forms of organisation and control opportunity for company health policies or potential for new burdens?, in: Garibaldo, F., Telljohann, V., eds., The Ambivalent Character of Participation. New Tendencies in Worker Participation in Europe, Frankfurt a. M.: Peter Lang
Kunda, G., (2006), Engineering culture. Control and commitment in a high-tech corporation, Philadelphia: Temple University Press
Lazonick, W., (2005), The Innovative Firm, in: Fagerberg, J., Mowery, D. C, Nelson, R.R., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Innovation, New York: Oxford University Press
Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D., Mehmood, A., Hamdouch, A., (2013), The International Handbook on Social Innovation. Collective Action, Social Learning and Transdisciplinary Research, Cheltenham, Northampton: Edward Elgar
Neumer, J., (2012), Management of the Informal by Decisions Within the Work Process, in: Böhle, F., Bürgermeister, M., Porschen, S., eds., Innovation Management by Promoting the Informal. Artistic, Experience-based, Playful, Berlin: Heidelberg: Springer
Nippa, M., (2007), Zur Komplexität der Innovationsorganisation, in: Engel, K., Nippa, M., eds., Innovationsmanagement. Von der Idee zum erfolgreichen Produkt, Heidelberg: Physica
Novy, A., Habersack, S., Schaller, B., (2013), Innovative forms of knowledge production: transdisciplinarity and knowledge alliances, in: Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D., Mehmood, A., Hamdouch, A., eds., The International Handbook on Social Innovation. Collective Action, Social Learning and Transdisciplinary Research, Cheltenham, Northampton: Edward Elgar
Pavitt, K., (2005), Innovation Process, in: Fagerberg, J., Mowery, D.C., Nelson, R.R., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Innovation, New York: Oxford University Press
Pfeiffer, S., (2014), Digital Labour and the Use-Value of Human Work. On the Importance of Labouring Capacity for Understanding Digital Capitalism, "tripleC. Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society", 12 (2): 599-619
Pfeiffer, S., Schütt, P., Wühr, D., (2010), Standardization of Production and Development Processes - Blessing or Curse?, in: Grubbström, R.W., Hinterhuber, H.H., eds., Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Working Seminar on Production Economics, Innsbruck
Pfeiffer, S., Sauer, S., Wühr, D., (2012), Designing the Design Process: Exploring Organisational Paradoxes of Scrum and Stage-Gate. Fullpaper for 28th EGOS Colloquium Design?! at Aalto University Helsinki: European Group of Organisation Studies
Polanyi, M., (2009), The Tacit Dimension, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Porschen, S., (2012), Management of the Informal by Cooperative Transfer of Experience, in: Böhle, F., Bürgermeister, M., Porschen, S., eds., Innovation Management by Promoting the Informal. Artistic, Experience-based, Playful, Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer
Porschen-Hueck, S., Neumer, J., (2015), Participation in enterprises and in research: The case of innovation work, "International Journal of Action Research", 11 (1/2): 174-194
Pot, F., Dhondt, S., Oeji, P., (2012), Social Innovation of Work and Employment, in: Franz, H.-W., Hochgerner, J., Howaldt, J., eds., Challenge Social Innovation. Potentials for Business, Social Entrepreneurship, Welfare and Civil Society, Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer
Rammert, W., (2008), Technik und Innovation, in: Maurer, A., Handbuch der Wirtschaftssoziologie, Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften
Schuler, H., Görlich, Y., (2007), Kreativität. Ursachen, Messung, Förderung und Umsetzung in Innovationen, Göttingen: Hogrefe
Spiegelaere, S. de, Gyes, G. van, Vandekerckhove, S., Hootegem, G. van (2012): Job Design and innovative work behavior. Enabling Innovation through Active or Low-strain Jobs, Working Paper April 2012, K.U. Leuven
Styhre, A., Ingelgard, A., Beausang, P., Castenfors, P., Mulec, K., Roth, J., (2001), Emotional management and stress: Managing ambiguities, "Organisation Studies", 23 (1): 83-103
Szell, G., (2009), Social Innovations and Labour, in: Harrisson, D., Szell, G., Bourque, R., eds., Social Innovation, the Social Economy and World Economic Development. Democracy and Labour Rights in an Era of Globalization, Frankfurt a. M.: Peter Lang
Teglborg-Lefevre, A., (2010), Modes of approach to employee-driven innovation, in: France: an empirical study, "Transfer - European Review of Labour and Research", 16(2): 211-226
Thurk, J., Fine, G., (2003), The problem of tools. Technology and the sharing of knowledge, "Acta Sociologica", 46 (2): 107-117
Wegner, G., (1995), Innovation, Komplexität und Erfolg. Zu einer ökonomischen Handlungstheorie des Neuen, in: Seifert, E.K., Priddat, B.P., eds., Neuorientierung in der ökonomischen Theorie. Zur moralischen, institutionellen und evolutorischen Dimension des Wirtschaftens, Marburg: Metropolis
Wühr, D., Pfeiffer, S., Schütt, P., (2015), Participatory research on innovation - Methodological approaches to challenges in the field and practical experiences, "International Journal of Action Research", 11 (1/2): 93-118