Niekonwencjonalna polityka monetarna: istota i mechanizm oddziaływania na gospodarkę
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Abstrakt
W wyniku zainicjowanych w 2007 roku napięć na rynku finansowym i następującej eskalacji kryzysu główne banki centralne weszły na ziemię dziewiczą, stosując niekonwencjonalną politykę monetarną (UMP - unconventional monetary policy). Celem opracowania jest właśnie eksploracja obszarów związanych ze stosowaniem niekonwencjonalnej polityki monetarnej. Ponieważ szczegóły programów UMP różniły się pomiędzy poszczególnymi bankami centralnymi i zależały od specyfiki gospodarek przedstawiono specyfikę UMP w konfrontacji z działaniami tradycyjnymi. Omówione zostały kanały, za pośrednictwem których UMP oddziałuje na gospodarkę. Pierwszym jest kanał restrukturyzacji portfela. Drugi kanał dotyczy korzystnych efektów zakupu aktywów zapewniających płynność rynku w okresach jej niedostatków. I w końcu informacja o zakupie aktywów pełni rolę sygnalizowania opinii banku centralnego na temat stanu gospodarki i prawdopodobnej reakcji na przyszłą ewolucję. Natomiast kwestią otwartą pozostaje skuteczność nowych instrumentów polityki, jak również ich przyszłych konsekwencji. Zaprezentowano również szersze kwestie związane z niepożądanymi skutkami UMP.(abstrakt oryginalny)
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