Trash contracts? The impact of temporary employment on leaving the parental home in Poland
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Published:
Jun 10, 2011
Keywords:
fixed-term contracts, temporary employment, leaving parental home, transition to adulthood
Main Article Content
Abstract
Poland stands out in international comparisons as a country where leaving the parental home is remarkably delayed. There are many economic and institutional factors which contribute to postponement of residential independence among youth, such as housing shortages, limited availability of rental housing and limited social assistance for young people. However, there is little discussion in public debate about re-designing social policy support for youth or improving the situation on the housing market. What attracts attention instead is the role of flexibilisation of contractual arrangements on the Polish labour market. In media discourse, fixed-term contracts have been labelled as “trash contracts” and all the problems that young people in Poland face when making the transition to adulthood have been attributed to the spread of this specific employment form. This article aims to find out whether fixed-term contracts do indeed hinder residential independence of youth. Models of leaving the parental home are estimated based on panel data from EU-SILC. The results show no significant negative impact of temporary employment on the probability of establishing one’s own household among youth. What matters is whether young people have jobs at all, whereas the type of contract that they receive from employers seems to be of little importance.
Article Details
How to Cite
Baranowska-Rataj, A. (2011). Trash contracts? The impact of temporary employment on leaving the parental home in Poland. Studia Demograficzne, (1(159), 57–73. Retrieved from https://econjournals.sgh.waw.pl/SD/article/view/2576
Section
Original research papers & review papers
References
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[28] McGinnity F., Mertens A., Gundert S., 2005, A bad start? Fixed-term contracts and the transition from education to work in West Germany, „European Sociological Review” vol. 21, no. 4, 359–374.
[29] Mills M., Blossfeld H.-P., 2003, Globalization, uncertainty and changes in early life courses, „Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft”, vol. 6, no. 2, 188–218.
[30] NBP, 2011, Raport o sytuacji na rynku nieruchomości mieszkaniowych i komercyjnych w Polsce w 2010, Instytut Ekonomiczny NBP, Warszawa.
[31] Oppenheimer V., Kalmijn M., Lim N., 1997, Men’s Career Development and Marriage Timing During a Period of Rising Inequality, „Demography”, vol. 34, no. 3, 311–330.
[32] Pissarides Ch., Wadsworth J., 1989, Unemployment and the inter-regional mobility of labour, „The Economic Journal”, vol. 99, no. 397, 739–755.
[33] Quintini G., Martin J.P., Martin S., 2007, The Changing Nature of the School-to-Work Transition Process in OECD Countries, IZA Discussion Paper No. 2582, Institute for the Study of Labor, Bonn.
[34] Saar E., Unt M., Kogan I., 2008, Transition from educational system to labour market in the European Union: a comparison between new and old members, „International Journal of Comparative Sociology”, vol. 49, no. 1, 31–59.
[35] Saraceno C., 2008, Patterns of family living in the enlarged EU [in:] J. Alber, T. Fahey, C. Saraceno (eds.) Handbook of quality of life in the enlarged European Union, Routledge, Oxford, 47–72.
[36] Shanahan M.J., 2000, Pathways to Adulthood in Changing Societies: Variability and Mechanisms in Life Course Perspective, „Annual Review of Sociology”, vol. 26, 667–692.
[37] Strzelecki P., Kotowska I.E., 2011, Rynek pracy w Polsce [in:] Czapiński J., Panek T. (eds.), „Diagnoza Społeczna 2011”, Raport dla Ministerstwa Pracy i Polityki Społecznej, Rada Monitoringu Społecznego, Warszawa.
[38] Szafraniec K., 2011, Młodzi 2011, Kanclaria Prezesa Rady Ministrów, Warszawa.
[39] Topińska I., 2008, Housing Benefits in Poland. Current Rules and Implementation Process, CASE Report, Center for Socio-Economic Analyses, Warsaw.
[40] Witkowski J. (ed.), 2007, Badanie Aktywności Zawodowej Absolwentów w kontekście realizacji programu „Pierwsza Praca” Analiza wyników badania [Labour market activity of graduates in the context of First Job Programme], Report for the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, Warsaw.
[2] Aassve, A., Billari F.C., Mazzuco S., Ongaro F., 2002, Leaving home: a comparative analysis of ECHP data, „Journal of European Social Policy”, vol. 12, no. 4, 259–275.
[3] Avery R., Goldscheider F., Spear A. 1992, Feathered nest/gilded cage: Parental income and leaving home in the transition to adulthood, „Demography”, vol. 29, no. 3, 375–388.
[4] Balcerzak-Paradowska B., Chłoń-Domińczak A., Kotowska I.E., Olejniczuk-Merta A., Topińska I., Wóycicka I., 2003, The gender dimensions of social security reform in Poland [in:] E. Fultz, M Ruck., S. Steinhilber (eds.), The Gender Dimensions of Social Security Reform in Central and Eastern Europe: Case Studies of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. International Labour Office, Subregional Office for Central and Eastern Europe, Budapest.
[5] Ball M., 2008, European Housing Review 2008, Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, London.
[6] Baranowska A., 2011, The effects of fixed-term contracts on transition into adulthood in Poland, unpublished dissertation, Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw.
[7] Baranowska A., Gebel M., 2010, The Determinants Of Youth Temporary Employment In The Enlarged Europe. Do labour market institutions matter?, „European Societies”, vol. 12, no. 3, 367–390.
[8] Baranowska A., Gebel M., Kotowska I.E., 2011, The role of fixed-term contracts at labour market entry in Poland: Stepping stones, screening devices, traps or search subsidies?, „Work, Employment and Society”, vol. 25, no. 4, 777–793.
[9] Baranowska A., Lewandowski P., 2008, Adaptability to economic changes [in:] M. Bukowski (ed.), Employment in Poland 2007, Institute for Structural Research, Warszawa, 37–71.
[10] Beblo M., Golinowska S., Lauer C., Piętka K., Sowa A., 2002, Poverty Dynamics in Poland. Selected quantitative analyses, CASE Reports no. 54, Center for Socio-Economic Analyses, Warsaw.
[11] Becker S.O., Bentolila S., Fernandes A., Ichino A., 2008, Youth Emancipation And Perceived Job Insecurity Of Parents And Children, Journal of Population Economics vol. 23, no 3, 1047–1071.
[12] Billari F.C., Philipov D., Baizán P., 2001, Leaving Home in Europe. The Experience of Cohorts Born around 1960, MPIDR Working Paper no. 2001–014, Max Planck Institute of Demographic Research, Rostock.
[13] Cobb-Clark D., 2008, Leaving Home: What Economics Has to Say about the Living Arrangements of Young Australians, The Australian National University Centre for Economic Policy Research Discussion Paper no. 568, Australian National University, Canberra.
[14] Corijn M., Klijzing E., (eds.) 2001, Transitions to Adulthood in Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
[15] Dübel H.-J., Brzeski W.J., Hamilton E., 2006, Rental choice and housing policy realignment in transition: post-privatization challenges in the Europe and Central Asia region, Policy Research Working Paper Series 3884, The World Bank, Washington D.C.
[16] Ermisch J., 1999, Prices, Parents and Young People’s Household Formation, „Journal of Urban Economics”, vol. 45, no. 1, 47–71.
[17] Eurostat 2011, Long-term indicators, Luxembourg.
[18] Fernandes A., Becker S.O., Bentolila S., Ichino A., 2008, Income Insecurity and Youth Emancipation: A Theoretical Approach, The Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 8(1), 1047–1071.
[19] Giesecke J., Groß M., 2003, Temporary employment: chance or risk?, „European Sociological Review” vol. 19, no. 2, 161–177.
[20] Greene W., 2009, Discrete Choice Modeling [in:] T. Mills, K. Patterson (eds.) The Handbook of Econometrics, vol. 2, Palgrave, London, 473–557.
[21] Iacovou M., Skew A., 2010, Household Structure in the European Union, ISER Working Papers 2010–10, Institute for Social and Economic Research, Essex.
[22] Kowalska I., Wróblewska W., 2001, Transition to adulthood in Poland, [in:] M. Corijn, E. Klijzing (eds.), Transitions to adulthood in Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dodrecht, 257–279.
[23] Liefbroer A., Corijn M., 1999, Who, What, Where, and When? Specifying the Impact of Educational Attainment and Labour Force Participation on Family Formation, „European Journal of Population”, vol. 15, no. 1, 45–75.
[24] Magda I., 2010, Earnings mobility of low wage employees, unpublished dissertation, Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw.
[25] Magda I., Szydłowski A., 2008, Wages in micro- and macro perspective, [in:] M. Bukowski (eds.) Employment in Poland 2008, Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, Warsaw.
[26] Matysiak A., 2011, Posiadanie własnego mieszkania a rodzicielstwo w Polsce, Studia Demograficzne, vol. 159, no. 1, (w druku).
[27] McElroy M., 1985, The Joint Determination of Household Membership and Market Work: The Case of Young Men, „Journal of Labor Economics”, vol. 3, no. 3, 293–316.
[28] McGinnity F., Mertens A., Gundert S., 2005, A bad start? Fixed-term contracts and the transition from education to work in West Germany, „European Sociological Review” vol. 21, no. 4, 359–374.
[29] Mills M., Blossfeld H.-P., 2003, Globalization, uncertainty and changes in early life courses, „Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft”, vol. 6, no. 2, 188–218.
[30] NBP, 2011, Raport o sytuacji na rynku nieruchomości mieszkaniowych i komercyjnych w Polsce w 2010, Instytut Ekonomiczny NBP, Warszawa.
[31] Oppenheimer V., Kalmijn M., Lim N., 1997, Men’s Career Development and Marriage Timing During a Period of Rising Inequality, „Demography”, vol. 34, no. 3, 311–330.
[32] Pissarides Ch., Wadsworth J., 1989, Unemployment and the inter-regional mobility of labour, „The Economic Journal”, vol. 99, no. 397, 739–755.
[33] Quintini G., Martin J.P., Martin S., 2007, The Changing Nature of the School-to-Work Transition Process in OECD Countries, IZA Discussion Paper No. 2582, Institute for the Study of Labor, Bonn.
[34] Saar E., Unt M., Kogan I., 2008, Transition from educational system to labour market in the European Union: a comparison between new and old members, „International Journal of Comparative Sociology”, vol. 49, no. 1, 31–59.
[35] Saraceno C., 2008, Patterns of family living in the enlarged EU [in:] J. Alber, T. Fahey, C. Saraceno (eds.) Handbook of quality of life in the enlarged European Union, Routledge, Oxford, 47–72.
[36] Shanahan M.J., 2000, Pathways to Adulthood in Changing Societies: Variability and Mechanisms in Life Course Perspective, „Annual Review of Sociology”, vol. 26, 667–692.
[37] Strzelecki P., Kotowska I.E., 2011, Rynek pracy w Polsce [in:] Czapiński J., Panek T. (eds.), „Diagnoza Społeczna 2011”, Raport dla Ministerstwa Pracy i Polityki Społecznej, Rada Monitoringu Społecznego, Warszawa.
[38] Szafraniec K., 2011, Młodzi 2011, Kanclaria Prezesa Rady Ministrów, Warszawa.
[39] Topińska I., 2008, Housing Benefits in Poland. Current Rules and Implementation Process, CASE Report, Center for Socio-Economic Analyses, Warsaw.
[40] Witkowski J. (ed.), 2007, Badanie Aktywności Zawodowej Absolwentów w kontekście realizacji programu „Pierwsza Praca” Analiza wyników badania [Labour market activity of graduates in the context of First Job Programme], Report for the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, Warsaw.