ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENTISTS’ ENGAGEMENT IN COOPERATION WITH INDUSTRY

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to identify the conditions for the involvement of scientists in cooperation with enterprises based on a literature review. The precursors of the subject, M. Perkmann et al., indicate that the involvement of scientists refers to the knowledge-oriented interactions they undertake with organizations outside the science sector, distinct from teaching and commercialization [Perkmann et al., 2021]. According to the quoted authors, such interactions include joint research with enterprises, contract research, consulting and more informal activities such as consulting, training, networking with business practitioners. The development of the concept of academic involvement met the suggestions emphasized in the literature that most of the attention of researchers focuses primarily on commercialization channels, ignoring other important forms of relations that can be made at the junction of these two important sectors [Azoulay et al., 2009; Thursby, Thursby, 2002]. The article identifies individual characteristics of scientists, as well as analyzes the organizational and institutional context, and other conditions affecting the cooperation between scientists and enterprises.