Developments of employment by broad age-groups in Poland in the years 1998–2008. Do their determinants differ?
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Published:
Jun 11, 2014
Keywords:
employment profiles, age groups, employment determinants, work ability.
Main Article Content
Abstract
The latest Eurostat projections show that both population and labour force ageing change employment profiles by age in the European Union countries even in case of an increase in labour force participation and employment (The 2012 Ageing Report). My research question is how basic individual (such as age, education, household position, place of residence) and contextual characteristics (such as the business cycle and the regional labour market situation) influence on employment opportunities in Poland. I test whether the impact of different factors varies with age, which has been categorized to reflect different stages of the life course: youth and young adults (15–29 years old), prime aged (30–54 years old), and older workers (for women: 55–59, for men: 55–64). To answer the research question three types of multilevel logistic models were applied: (a) general models with age as one of the basic determinants, (b) models for each age group for non-agriculture and agriculture. The data used come from the Polish Labour Force Survey (BAEL) of the years 1998–2008 and regional labour market data.
The analysis reveals that there are differences in influence of individual and context variables on employment odd ratios between age groups, sex and employment sectors.
Article Details
How to Cite
Grabowska, I. . (2014). Developments of employment by broad age-groups in Poland in the years 1998–2008. Do their determinants differ?. Studia Demograficzne, (1(165), pp. 55–81. https://doi.org/10.33119/SD.2014.1.3
Section
Original research papers & review papers
References
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[32] OECD, 2007, Economic Policy reforms: going for growth.
[33] Reday-Mulvey G., 2005, Working beyond 60. Key Policies and Practices in Europe, Palgrave Macmillan, London.
[34] Ruzik A., 2004, Podaż pracy w ostatnim okresie kariery zawodowej, PhD thesis, Szkoła Główna Handlowa, Warsaw.
[35] Schoenmaeckers R.,Callens M., Vanderleyden M., Vidovicova L., 2008, Attitudes towards population ageing and older people, [in:] Ch. Höhn, D. Avramov, I.E. Kotowska (eds), People, Population Change and Policies: Lessons from the Population Policy Acceptance Study, Springer.
[36] Socha M., Sztanderska U., 2000, Strukturalne podstawy bezrobocia w Polsce, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
[37] Strzelecki P., Kotowska I.E., 2009, Rynek pracy, [in]: J. Czapiński, T. Panek (eds.) Diagnoza społeczna 2009. Warunki i jakość życia Polaków (p. 116–138), Warsaw: Rada Monitoringu Społecznego.
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[41] Yorke M., 2004, Employability in Higher Education: what it is – what it is not, Higher Education Academy/ESECT.
[2] Baranowska A., 2011, The effects of fixed-term contracts on transition to adulthood in Poland, PhD dissertation, Collegium of Economic Analyses, Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw.
[3] Baranowska-Rataj A., Rynko M., 2013, Dostosowanie sposobu organizacji czasu pracy do obowiązków rodzinnych w Polsce, Studia Demograficzne, no. 2/164, 59–79.
[4] Bengston V., Allen K., 1993, The life course perspective applied to families over time, [in:] P. G. Boss, W. J. Doherty, R. LaRossa, W. R. Schumm, S. K. Steinmetz (eds.), Sourcebook of family theories and methods: A contextual approach (p. 469–499), New York: Plenum Press.
[5] Billari F.C., Liefbroer A.C., 2010, Towards a new pattern of transition to adulthood, “Advances in Life Course Research”, no. 15, 59–75.
[6] Blöndal S., Scarpetta S., 1999, The Retirement Decisions in the OECD Countries, Economics Department Working Paper No. 202, OECD.
[7] Bohacek R., Myck M., 2008, Czech Republic and Poland – the 50+ on Labour Markets in Transition, [in:] A. Borsch-Supan (eds.), First Results from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (2004–2007) – Starting the Longitudinal Dimension, Mannheim Research Institute for the Economics of Aging (MEA).
[8] Bound J., 1991, Self-reported versus Objective Measures of Health in Retirement Models, „Journal of Human Resources”, no. 14, 63–75.
[9] Bukowski M. (eds.), 2010, Zatrudnienie w Polsce 2008, Praca w przebiegu życia, Centrum Rozwoju Zasobów Ludzkich, Warsaw.
[10] Callens M., 2005, Analysis of Cross-National Longitudinal Data, Seminar: Theory and Practice in the Analysis of Cross-National and Cross-Sectional Data, European Science Foundation.
[11] Casey B., Oxley H., Whitehouse E., Antolin P., Duval R. and Leibfritz W., 2003, Policies for an ageing society: recent measures and areas for further reform, OECD, Economic Department Working Papers No. 369.
[12] Chłoń-Domińczak A., Kotowska I.E., 2012, How Europe is preparing for advanced population ageing? Facts and policies towards ageing in Europe, Report for the European Commission, in print.
[13] Currie J., Madrian B.C., 1999, Health Insurance and the Labour Market, [in:] Ashenfelter O., Card D. (eds.), Handbook of Labor Economics, vol. 3, Elsevier Science B.V.
[14] Disney R.F., Whitehouse E.R., 1999, Pension plans and retirement incentives, Pension Reform Primer series, Social Protection Discussion Paper no. 9924, World Bank, Washington, D.C.,1999.
[15] European Commission, 2005, Working together for growth and jobs. A new start for the Lisbon Strategy, COM(2005) 24 final, Brussels.
[16] European Commission, 2009, Employment in Europe 2009, Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities, Brussels.
[17] European Commission, 2011, Employment and Social Developments in Europe, Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion, Directorate A, Brussels.
[18] Goldstein H., 1999, Multilevel Statistical Models, London: Institute of Education, Multilevel Models Project.
[19] Grabowska I., 2012, Economic activity of the older working age population in the European Union, Zeszyty Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych, Szkoła Główna Handlowa, Warsaw.
[20] Gruber J., Wise D.A. (eds.), 1999, Social Security and Retirement Around the World, University of Chicago Press.
[21] Ilmarinen I.E., 1999, Ageing workers in the European Union – Status and promotion of work ability, employability and employment, Helsinki: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Ministry of Labour.
[22] Ilmarinen I.E., Tuomi K., 2004, Past, present and future of work ability, [in:] J. Ilmarinen, S. Lehtinen (eds.), Past, Present and Future of Work Ability, People and Work (p. 1–25), Research Reports 65, Helsinki: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health.
[23] Józwiak J., Kotowska I.E., Abramowska A., 2008, Activating older workers: policies versus opinions and Expectations, [in:] Ch. Höhn, D. Avramov, I.E. Kotowska (eds), People, Population Change and Policies: Lessons from the Population Policy Acceptance Study, Springer.
[24] Knijn T. (eds.), 2012, Work, Family Policies and Transitions to Adulthood in Europe, Palgrave Macmillan.
[25] Kotowska I.E., Grabowska I., Słoczyński T., Strzelecki P., 2010, Młodość i doświadczenie: rywale czy sojusznicy [in:] M. Bukowski (eds.) Zatrudnienie w Polsce 2008, Praca w przebiegu życia (p. 61–103), Centrum Rozwoju Zasobów Ludzkich, Warszawa.
[26] Kotowska I.E., Sztanderska U., Wóycicka I. (eds.), 2007, Aktywność zawodowa i edukacyjna a obowiązki rodzinne w świetle badań empirycznych w Polsce, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar.
[27] Kotowska I.E., Wóycicka I., 2008, Sprawowanie opieki i inne uwarunkowania aktywności zawodowej osób w starszym wieku emerytalnym, Ministry of Labour and Social Policy.
[28] Kotowska, I.E., Sztanderska U., 2007, Zmiany demograficzne a zmiany na rynku pracy w Polsce, [in:] I.E. Kotowska, U. Sztanderska, I. Woycicka (eds.), Aktywność zawodowa i edukacyjna a obowiązki rodzinne w świetle badań empirycznych w Polsce (p. 13–47), Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar.
[29] Kreft I., De Leeuw J., 1998, Introducing multilevel modeling, Sage: Thousand Oaks, CA.
[30] Lumsdaine R.L., Mitchell O.S., 1999, New Developments in the Economic Analysis of Retirement, [in:] O. Ashenfelter, D. Card (eds.) Handbook of Labor Economics (p. 3261–3307), no. 3.
[31] Matysiak A., 2011, Interdependencies Between Fertility and Women’s Labour Supply, European Studies of Population, Vol. 17, Springer.
[32] OECD, 2007, Economic Policy reforms: going for growth.
[33] Reday-Mulvey G., 2005, Working beyond 60. Key Policies and Practices in Europe, Palgrave Macmillan, London.
[34] Ruzik A., 2004, Podaż pracy w ostatnim okresie kariery zawodowej, PhD thesis, Szkoła Główna Handlowa, Warsaw.
[35] Schoenmaeckers R.,Callens M., Vanderleyden M., Vidovicova L., 2008, Attitudes towards population ageing and older people, [in:] Ch. Höhn, D. Avramov, I.E. Kotowska (eds), People, Population Change and Policies: Lessons from the Population Policy Acceptance Study, Springer.
[36] Socha M., Sztanderska U., 2000, Strukturalne podstawy bezrobocia w Polsce, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
[37] Strzelecki P., Kotowska I.E., 2009, Rynek pracy, [in]: J. Czapiński, T. Panek (eds.) Diagnoza społeczna 2009. Warunki i jakość życia Polaków (p. 116–138), Warsaw: Rada Monitoringu Społecznego.
[38] The 2012 Ageing Report: Underlying Assumptions and Projection Methodologies, European Economy, no. 4/2011.
[39] Villosio C. (eds), 2008, European Working Conditions Survey, European Foundation for Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
[40] Vlasblom J., Nekkers G., 2001, Regional differences in labour force activity of persons aged 55+ within the European Union, Brussels: Eurostat.
[41] Yorke M., 2004, Employability in Higher Education: what it is – what it is not, Higher Education Academy/ESECT.