Sztab planowania polityki departamentu stanu

Main Article Content

Wiktor Rak

Abstrakt

This paper demonstrates the most formidable challenges that the Policy Planning Staff in the Department of State has been facing since it was created in 1947 by G. Marshall and G. Kennan. In the first place attention is paid to the history of this institution. The following turning points were identified: the creation under G. Kennan and the incumbency of H. Kissinger as a Secretary of State. Then there are debated a few most important issues which the Policy Planning Staff deals with. It comprises difficulties in exerting influence, impossibility of merging the focus on strategic thinking with operational disposability. Finally, in the article there are presented some ideas of Z. Brzezinski who sought to enhance the Staff's performance. The intention of this article is to shed light on the obstacles that the policy planners have to tackle in order to effectively impact the American foreign policy. This issue has not been exhaustively discussed yet in the Polish scientific literature.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Jak cytować
Rak, W. (2011). Sztab planowania polityki departamentu stanu. Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia I Prace, (1), 111–135. https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSiP.2011.1.5
Dział
Dział główny

Bibliografia

Albright M., Madam Secretary: A Memoir, Miramax Books, New York 2003, s. 293.
Bell C., The diplomacy of detente: the Kissinger era, Martin Robertson, London 1977.
Bloomfield L. P., Planning Foreign Policy: Can it be Done?, w: "Political Science Quarterly" Nr 93, Fall 1978, s. 373.
Bloomfield L. P., Policy planning rede&ned: what the planners really think, w: "International Journal" Vol. 32, 1976-1977, s. 826.
Brady L. P., Planning for foreign policy: a framework for analysis, w: "International Journal" Vol. 32, 1976-1977, s. 840.
Brzeziński Z., Major Foreign Policy Challenges for the Next U. S. Presidency, Chatham House, 17.11.2008, Londyn, http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk/files/13106_85_1brzezinski.pdf, 12.04.2011.
Brzeziński Z., Purpose and Planning in Foreign Policy, w: "The Public Interest" Nr 14, Winter 1969, s. 70.
"Department of State Bulletin" Nr 69, 29.10.1973, s. 533.
Fergusson N., Colossus - The Rise and Fall of the American Empire, Penguin, London 2004, s. 1-29.
Hastedt G. P., American Foreign Policy, Past, Present, Future, Prentice Hall, New Jersey 2003, s. 208.
http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/nsc-68/nsc68-1.htm, 06.09.2009.
http://www.olympic.org/en/content/National-Olympic-Committees/, 18.01.2010.
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/po/12112.htm, 27.09.2009.
http://www.state.gov/s/p/c6615.htm, 24.01.2010.
http://www.un.org/en/members/growth.shtml,18.01.2010.
Kalicki J. H., The State Department policy planning process, w: "International Journal" Vol. 32, 1976-1977, s. 851.
Kukułka J., Historia współczesna stosunków międzynarodowych, Wyd. Nauk. Scholar, Warszawa 2007, s. 59-60.
Lecacos J. P., Fire In the In-Basket, New York 1968, s. 533.
Lindsay F. A., Planning and Foreign Affairs: The Missing Element, w: "Foreign Affairs" 01.1961, s. 290.
Madar D., Patronage, Position, and Policy Planning: S/P and Secretary Kissinger, w: "The Journal of Politics" Nr 4, November 1980, s. 1069.
Milne D., America's Rasputin: Walt Rostow and the Vietnam War, Hill and Wang, New York 2008, s. 99.
Mingst K., Podstawy stosunków międzynarodowych, Wyd. Nauk. PWN, Warszawa 2006, s. 187-188.
Miscamble W. D., George F. Kennan and the Making of American Foreign Policy, 1947-1950, Princeton University Press, Princeton 1992, s. 217.
Policy Planning Staff paper no. 26, To establish U. S. policy regarding anti-Communist measures which could be planned and carried out within the Inter-American System, 22.03.1948.
Pugliaresi L., Berliner D. T., Policy Analysis at the Department of State: The Policy Planning Staff, w: "Journal of Policy Analysis and Management" Vol. 8, Nr 3, Summer 1989, s. 383.
Rodman P., Presidential Command. Power, Leadership, and the Making of Foreign Policy from Richard Nixon to George W. Bush, Alfred A. Knopf, New York 2009, s. 19.
Rostow W. W., The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non Communist Manifesto.
Slaughter A. -M., A New World Order. Princeton University Press, March 2004
Slaughter A. -M., The Idea that Is America: Keeping Faith with Our Values in a Dangerous World. Basic Books, 2007.