New Generation of Bike-Sharing Systems in China: Lessons for European Cities
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Published:
Jul 27, 2019
Keywords:
sustainable transportation, urban transport, bicycles, public bikes, Ofo, Mobike, environmentally friendly transport, dockless bikes, passenger transport innovation
Main Article Content
Abstract
Rising mobility of societies and the urban sprawl cause the need to shape passengers’ behaviour accordingly. For urbanised areas, the biggest challenge is to overcome the problem of dominant private cars usage. Bike-sharing systems are considered to be a successful tool for the popularisation of alternative ways of travelling.
Recently Chinese companies have developed new solutions to bike-sharing systems that proved to be successful in China and could be implemented in Europe. However, their implementation will be associated with challenges for municipal authorities and companies conducting the business. The aim of the paper is to identify major advantages and challenges resulting from the implementation of the Chinese solutions in Europe or expansion of bike-sharing companies to Europe.
The scientific method used in the paper is the case study of the Chinese bike-sharing market with the special focus on market leaders Mobike and Ofo. Despite existing obstacles, it is possible to succeed in introducing the new generation of bike-sharing systems in Europe. As Chinese enterprises have already entered the European market, it is crucial to make policy makers aware of the obstructions.
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Bieliński, T., & Ważna, A. (2019). New Generation of Bike-Sharing Systems in China: Lessons for European Cities. Journal of Management and Financial Sciences, (33), 25–42. https://doi.org/10.33119/JMFS.2018.33.2
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References
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2. Czech P., Turoń K., Sierpiński G., 2018b. Development of the Bike-Sharing System on the Example of Polish Cities. Springer International Publishing AG. In: E. Macioszek and G. Sierpiński
(Eds.), Recent Advances in Traffic Engineering for Transport Networks and Systems. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 21.
3. Czech P., Turoń K., Urbańczyk R., 2018a. Bike-Sharing as an Element of Integrated Urban Transport System, Springer International Publishing AG. In: G. Sierpiński (Ed.), Advanced Solutions of Transport Systems for Growing Mobility, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 631.
4. De Maio P., 2009. Bike-sharing: History, Impacts, Models of Provision, and Future. Journal of Public Transportation, Volume 12 (4).
5. Fishman E., 2015. Bikeshare: A Review of Recent Literature. Transport Reviews, Volume 36 (1), pp. 92–113, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2015.1033036
6. Gonzalez, G. (2017), Startup Business Plans: Do Academic Researchers and Expert Practi- tioners Still Disagree? Muma Business Review, Volume 1 (15), p. 189–196.
7. Hamari J., Sjöklint M., Ukkonen A., 2016. The sharing economy: Why People Participate in Collaborative Consumption. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology,
Volume 67 (9), p. 2047–2048, https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23552
8. Holden E., 2007. Achieving Sustainable Mobility, Everyday and Leisure-time Travel in the EU. Ashgate.
9. Kopp A., Block R. I., Iimi A., 2013. Turning the right corner, Ensuring Development through a Low-Carbon Transport Sector. Washington: The World Bank.
10. Li, Z., Wang, W., Yang, C., Haoyang D., 2017. Bicycle mode share in China: a city-level analysis of long term trends. Transportation Volume 44 (4) pp. 773–788, https://doi.org/10.1007/
s11116-016-9676–8
11. Liang, M., Xin, Z., Gao, S. W., 2017. Identifying the Reasons Why Users in China Recommend Bike Apps. International Journal of Market Research, Volume 59 (6), pp. 767–786.
12. Midgley P., 2011. Bicycle-sharing schemes: enhancing sustainable mobility in urban areas. Global Transport Knowledge Partnership, International Road Federation, United Nations
Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
13. Mobike, 2018. How Cycling Changes Cities – Insights on how bikesharing supports urban development. World Resources Institute, p. 19.
14. Rong, K., Hu, J., Ma, Y., Lim, M. K., Liu, Y., Lu, C., 2018. The sharing economy and its implications for sustainable value chains. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Volume 130, pp. 188–189.
15. Ważna A., 2017. The role of economic value of time in shaping passenger transport behaviour. Research Journal of the University of Gdańsk. Transport Economic and Logistics, Volume 72, pp. 35–43.
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29. Veturilo website, 2018. https://www.veturilo.waw.pl/en/veturilo-how-it-works/ [accessed: 27.03.2018].
30. Xinhua, 2017. China Focus: Is the bubble bursting for China’s shared bike industry? http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017–11/23/c_136774518.htm [accessed: 30.03.2017].
31. Yang, S., 2017. A closer look into bike-sharing in China and its future. Techinasia, https://www.techinasia.com/talk/bike-sharing-china-future [accessed: 30.03.2017].
32. Yimian, W., 2018. Ofo Borrows $ 280M From Alibaba As Financial Troubles Escalate At Bike Sharing Firm. China Money Network, https://www.chinamoneynetwork.com/2018/03/07/
ofo-pledges-millions-bikes-take-280 m-mortgages-alibabas-affiliates [accessed: 30.03.2018].
33. Yoo, E., 2017. Mobike co-founder: “Profit is not the most important goal for us for now”, https://technode.com/2017/06/30/mobikes-founder-answers-six-big-questions-monetization-globalexpansion-merger/ [accessed: 30.03.2018].
34. Yu, S., 2017. Mobike announces “Magic Cube,” an AI made from its mountains of user data. Technode, http://technode.com/2017/04/13/mobike-magic-cube-ai/ [accessed: 30.03.2018].
35. Yue W., 2017. What’s Really Driving China’s $ 1 Billion Bike-Sharing Boom?, https://www.forbes.com/sites/ywang/2017/06/20/worth-1‑billion-but-whats-really-driving-chinas-bike-sharingboom/#51d87f42427e [accessed: 30.03.2017].
36. Yue, P., 2017a. Chinese Bike Sharing Firms Lose Revenue Stream as Beijing Bans Advertisements China Money Network, https://www.chinamoneynetwork.com/2017/09/18/beijing-banscommercial-advertisement-chinese-bike-sharing-cycles [accessed: 30.03.2018].
37. Yue, P., 2017b. Florin Investment Group Leads $ 14 Million Series a Round in Qibei Tech. China Money Network, https://www.chinamoneynetwork.com/2017/01/05/florin-investment-groupleads-14‑million-series-a-round-in-qibei-tech [accessed: 30.03.2018].