Znaczenie postaw wobec kulturowych ról płci, rodzinnego wzorca pracy matek oraz podziału obowiązków domowych i rodzicielskich dla zatrudnienia matek małych dzieci w Polsce
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Published:
Dec 6, 2013
Keywords:
maternal employment, gender roles, gender attitudes, work-family reconciliation, childcare
Main Article Content
Abstract
The paper presents estimation results of a logistic regression developed in order to explore such predictors of employment of mothers with children up to 14 years old in Poland as maternal attitudes towards cultural gender roles, a parental family of a working mother and sharing household and childcare duties between parents. The analysis was based on the data from the first wave of the Generations and Gender Survey (GGS-PL1). It was found that the family pattern of a working mother significantly increased the chances of employment of her daughter having her own offspring. Egalitarian attitudes towards gender roles have not proved to be a significant predictor of maternal employment. However, the stronger mother’s approval of the statement that “a small child suffers when his/her mother works” was, the lower the likelihood was of her employment. A larger number of children turned out to be a stimulus for maternal employment when the division of responsibilities between partners and the extent of informal childcare use were controlled for in the model.
Article Details
How to Cite
Kocot-Górecka, K. ., & Kurowska, A. . (2013). Znaczenie postaw wobec kulturowych ról płci, rodzinnego wzorca pracy matek oraz podziału obowiązków domowych i rodzicielskich dla zatrudnienia matek małych dzieci w Polsce. Studia Demograficzne, (2(164), pp. 35–57. https://doi.org/10.33119/SD.2013.2.2
Section
Original research papers & review papers
References
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[30] Matysiak A., 2011, Interdependencies between Fertility and Women’s Labour Supply, European Studies of Population 17, Dordrecht: Springer.
[31] McDonald G.W., 1980, Parental power and adolescents’ parental identification: reexamination, “Journal of Marriage and the Family”, nr 42, 289–304.
[32] Moffitt R., Wolfe B.L., 1992, The effect of the Medicaid program on welfare participation and labor supply, “The Review of Economics and Statistics”, nr 74, 615–26.
[33] OECD, 2012, Closing the Gender Gap. Act now, Wydawnictwo OECD
[34] Rexroat R., Shehan C., 1984, Expected versus actual work roles of women, “American Sociological Review”, nr 49, 349–358.
[35] Starrels E.M., 1992, Attitude similarity between mothers and children regarding maternal employment, “Journal of Marriage and the Family”, nr 54, 91–103.
[36] Steiber N., Haas B., 2009, Ideals or compromises? The attitude-behaviour relationship in mothers’ employment. “Socio-Economic Review”, nr 7, 639–668.
[37] Stein H.A., 1973, The effects of maternal employment and educational attainment on the sex-typed attributes of college females, “Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal”, nr 2, 111–115.
[38] Tallichet S.E., Willits F.K., 1986, Gender-role attitude change of young women: Influential factors form a panel study, “Social Psychology Quarterly”, nr 3, 219–227.
[39] Titkow A., Duch-Krzystoszek D., Budrowska B., 2004, Nieodpłatna praca kobiet. Mity, realia, perspektywy, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk.
[40] Urban J.A., Olson P., 2005, A comprehensive employment model for low-income mothers, “Journal of Family and Economic Issues”, nr 1, 101–122.
[41] Williams J., 2000, Unbending Gender: Why Family and Work Conflict and What to do About It. New York: Oxford University Press.
[2] Acock A.C., Yang W.S., 1984, Parental power and adolescents’ parental identification, “Journal of Marriage and the Family”, nr 40, 519–530.
[3] Aronson E., 1999, Dissonance, hypocrisy and the self-concept, [w:] E. Harmon-Jones, J. Mills (red.), Cognitive Dissonance: Progress on a Pivotal Theory in Social Psychology (s. 103–126), Science Conference Series, American Psychological Society, Washington DC.
[4] Bandura A., Walters R.H., 1963, Social Learning and Personality Development, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York.
[5] Bernasco W., Giesen D., 1997, De strategische waarde van het huwelijk voor de arbeidsdeling tussen levenspartners. Naar een verklaring voor de relatie tussen samenleefvorm en arbeidsdeelname van vrouwen, “Mens en Maatschappij”, nr 72, 115–131.
[6] Berger L.M., Waldfogel J., 2004, Maternity leave and the employment of new mothers in the United States, “Journal of Population Economics”, nr 17, 331–349.
[7] Brajdić-Vuković M., Birkelund G.E., Štulhofer A., 2007, Between tradition and modernization. Attitudes towards women’s employment and gender roles in Croatia, “International Journal of Sociology”, nr 3, 32–53.
[8] Connelly R., 1992, The effect of childcare costs on married women’s labor force participation, “Review of Economics and Statistics”, nr 1, 83–90.
[9] Cunningham M., 2008, Influences of gender ideology and housework allocation on women’s employment over the life course, “Social Science Research”, nr 1, 254–267.
[10] Ermisch, J.F., 2003, An Economic Analysis of the Family, Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford.
[11] European Values Study (2008), Database: http://www.europeanvaluesstudy.eu/
[12] Eyer D., 1996, Motherguilt: How Our Culture Blames Mothers for What’s Wrong With Society, Random House, New York.
[13] Festinger L., 1957, A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance, Stanford Univeristy Press, Stanford, CA.
[14] Fortin N.M., 2005, Gender role attitudes and the labour-market outcomes of women across OECD countries, “Oxford Review of Economic Policy”, nr 21, 416–438.
[15] Gerson K., 1985, Hard Choices: How Women Decide about Work, Career, and Motherhood, University of California Press, Berkeley.
[16] Ghysels J., 2000, The impact of cohabitation and divorce on partners’ labour force participation: comparing Britain to Flanders, ISER Working Papers 2000/25, Colchester: University of Essex.
[17] Gray M., Qu L., de Vaus D., Millward C., 2002, Determinants of Australian Mother’s Employment, Research Paper nr 26, Australian Institute of Family Studies.
[18] Hanel B., Riphahn R.T., 2011, The Employment of Mothers: Recent Developments and their Determinants in East and West Germany, IZA Discussion Paper nr 5752.
[19] Houston D.M., Marks G., 2003, The role of planning and workplace support in returning to work after maternity leave, “British Journal of Industrial Relations”, nr 2, 197–214.
[20] Hays S., 1998, The fallacious assumptions and unrealistic prescriptions of attachment theory: A Comment on ‘Parents’ socioemotional investment in children’, “Journal of Marriage and the Family”, nr 3, 782–790.
[21] Hoynes, H.W., 2000, Local labor markets and welfare spells: Do demand conditions matter?, “The Review of Economics and Statistics”, nr 82, 351–368.
[22] Janus A.L., 2012, The gap between mothers’ work-family orientations and employment trajectories in 18 OECD countries, “European Sociological Review”, Review Advance Access, DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcs055.
[23] Kanji S., 2011, What keeps mothers in full-time employment, “European Sociological Review”, nr 4, 509–525.
[24] Komisja Europejska, 2011, Sprawozdanie Komisji dla Rady, Parlamentu Europejskiego, Europejskiego Komitetu Ekonomiczno-Społecznego i Komitetu Regionów. Równość Kobiet i Mężczyzn – rok 2010, Bruksela.
[25] Kotowska I.E., Jóźwiak J., 2011, Panelowe badanie przemian relacji między pokoleniami, w rodzinie oraz między kobietami i mężczyznami: Generacje, Rodziny i Płeć Kulturowa GGS-PL, „Studia Demograficzne”, nr 1/159, 99–106.
[26] Kreyenfeld M., Hank K., 2000, Does the availability of child care influence the employment of mothers? Findings from western Germany, “Population Research and Policy Review”, nr 19, 317–337.
[27] Leupp K.M., 2010, Why do Women Opt-Out? The ideological and Economic Determinants of Women’s Employment Status, Department of Sociology, University of Washington.
[28] Marantz S., Mansfeld A.F., 1977, Maternal employment and the development of sex-role stereotyping in five-to-eleven-year-old girls, “Child Development”, nr 48, 668–673.
[29] Matysiak A., Słoczyński T., Baranowska A., 2010, Kobiety i mężczyźni na rynku pracy, [w:] M. Bukowski (red.) Zatrudnienie w Polsce 2008. Praca w cyklu życia (s. 105–144), Ministerstwo Pracy i Polityki Społecznej oraz Instytut Badań Strukturalnych, Warszawa.
[30] Matysiak A., 2011, Interdependencies between Fertility and Women’s Labour Supply, European Studies of Population 17, Dordrecht: Springer.
[31] McDonald G.W., 1980, Parental power and adolescents’ parental identification: reexamination, “Journal of Marriage and the Family”, nr 42, 289–304.
[32] Moffitt R., Wolfe B.L., 1992, The effect of the Medicaid program on welfare participation and labor supply, “The Review of Economics and Statistics”, nr 74, 615–26.
[33] OECD, 2012, Closing the Gender Gap. Act now, Wydawnictwo OECD
[34] Rexroat R., Shehan C., 1984, Expected versus actual work roles of women, “American Sociological Review”, nr 49, 349–358.
[35] Starrels E.M., 1992, Attitude similarity between mothers and children regarding maternal employment, “Journal of Marriage and the Family”, nr 54, 91–103.
[36] Steiber N., Haas B., 2009, Ideals or compromises? The attitude-behaviour relationship in mothers’ employment. “Socio-Economic Review”, nr 7, 639–668.
[37] Stein H.A., 1973, The effects of maternal employment and educational attainment on the sex-typed attributes of college females, “Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal”, nr 2, 111–115.
[38] Tallichet S.E., Willits F.K., 1986, Gender-role attitude change of young women: Influential factors form a panel study, “Social Psychology Quarterly”, nr 3, 219–227.
[39] Titkow A., Duch-Krzystoszek D., Budrowska B., 2004, Nieodpłatna praca kobiet. Mity, realia, perspektywy, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk.
[40] Urban J.A., Olson P., 2005, A comprehensive employment model for low-income mothers, “Journal of Family and Economic Issues”, nr 1, 101–122.
[41] Williams J., 2000, Unbending Gender: Why Family and Work Conflict and What to do About It. New York: Oxford University Press.