Badania jakościowe na użytek demografii
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Published:
Dec 14, 2007
Keywords:
qualitative research, sampling, data collection, data analysis
Main Article Content
Abstract
Although the qualitative approach is not the core one in demography, demographers show an increasing interest in this type of research. An aim of this article is to outline the benefits of applying the qualitative methods in the population studies. The article starts from sketching the main characteristics of the qualitative methodology. The logic of the qualitative research process is presented and the possible procedures of sampling, data collection and data analyzing are described. Next, some examples of the recent qualitative research projects are given, which deal with the problems of population dynamics. We choose the ones that investigate the fertility and family dynamics, indicating what additional insights can be gained by adding the qualitative methods to statistical analyses. Our focus is on the two studies that explore the lowest-low and delayed fertility in the Polish context. We summarize the paper by delineating the main benefits of combining qualitative and quantitative methods in the field of population studies, strongly advocating such mixed approach for the future demographic research.
Article Details
How to Cite
Frątczak, E., & Mynarska, M. (2007). Badania jakościowe na użytek demografii. Studia Demograficzne, (2(152), 3–22. Retrieved from https://econjournals.sgh.waw.pl/SD/article/view/2605
Section
Original research papers & review papers
References
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[2] Babbie E., 2004, Badania społeczne w praktyce, PWN, Warszawa.
[3] Barsky F., Gabińska A., Zalewski B., 2005, Programy komputerowe wspomagające analizę tekstu, [w:] K. Stemplewska-Żakowicz, K. Krejtz (red.), Wywiad psychologiczny. Wywiad jako postępowanie badawcze, Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych, Warszawa.
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[5] Bernardi L., 2007, An introduction to anthropological demography. MPIDR Working Paper WP2007-031, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock.
[6] Bernardi L., Keim S., von der Lippe H., 2007, Social influences on fertility: a comparative mixed methods study in Eastern and Western Germany, „Journal of Mixed Methods Research”, Vol. 1, No. 1, 23–47.
[7] Bernardi L., Klaerner A., von der Lippe H., 2006, Perceptions of job instability and the prospects of parenthood. A comparison between Eastern and Western Germany, MPIDR Working Papers, WP2006-017, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock.
[8] Bernardi L., von der Lippe H., Keim S., 2005, Mapping social influence on fertility: a mix-method approach to data collection, MPIDR Working Paper WP2005-015, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock.
[9] Billari F., 2005, The Transition to Parenthood in European Societies. Paper presented at the European Population Conference 2005, Demographic Challenges for Social Cohesion, Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 7–8 kwietnia 2005.
[10] Bledsoe C., 2004, Reproduction at the margins: Migration and legitimacy in the new Europe, „Demographic Research”, Special Collection 3, article 4, 87–116.
[11] Bledsoe C., Banja F., Hill A., 1998, Reproductive Mishaps and Western Contraception: An African Challenge to Fertility Theory, „Population and Development Review”, Vol. 24(1), 15–57.
[12] Bledsoe C., Houle R., Sow P., 2007, High fertility Gambians in low fertility Spain. The dynamics of child accumulation across transnational space, „Demographic Research”, Vol. 16, article 12, 375–412.
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[16] Casterline J.B, Perez A.E., Biddlecom A.E., 1997, Factors Underlying Unmet Need for Family Planning in the Philippines, „Studies in Family Planning”, Vol. 28(3), 173–191.
[17] Charmaz K., 2000, Grounded theory. Objectivist and constructivist methods, [w:] N.K. Denzin, Y. Lincoln (red.), The Handbook of Qualitative Research, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks.
[18] Coast E.E., Hampshire K.R., Randall S.C., 2007, Disciplining anthropological demography, „Demographic Research”, Vol. 16, article 16, 493–518.
[19] Coleman D., 2005, Facing the 21st century: New developments, continuing problems, [w:] M. Macura, A.L. MacDonald, W. Haug (red.), The New Demographic Regime. Population Challenges and Policy Responses, United Nations, New York, Geneva.
[20] Dalla Zuanna G., Micheli G.A. (red.), 2004, Strong Family and Low Fertility: A Paradox? New Perspectives in Interpreting Contemporary Family and Reproductive Behaviour, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
[21] de Bruijn B.J., 1999, Foundations of Demographic Theory. Choice, Process, Context, Thela Thesis, Amsterdam.
[22] Denzin N.K., Lincoln Y.S., 2000, Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research, [w:] N.K. Denzin, Y.S. Lincoln (red.), Handbook of Qualitative Research, 2nd edition, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
[23] Fleischer A., 2007, Family, obligation and migration. The role of kinship in Cameroon, „Demographic Research”, Vol. 16, article 13, 413–440.
[24] Flick U., 2002, An Introduction to Qualitative Research, Sage Publications, London.
[25] Fontana A., Frey J.H., 2000, The interview: from structured questions to negotiated text, [w:] N.K. Denzin, Y. Lincoln (red.), The Handbook of Qualitative Research, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks.
[26] Frątczak E., 1999, Zmiany wzorca płodności kobiet w Polsce w okresie transformacji – pomiar i interpretacja, [w:] E. Frątczak, I. Sobczak (red.), Dzietność kobiet polskich w okresie transformacji ustrojowej. Materiały z konferencji demograficznej Unieście/Koszalin, 18 i 19 września 1999 r., Polskie Towarzystwo Demograficzne, Warszawa.
[27] Frątczak E., Balicki J., 2003, Postawy i zachowania rodzinne i prokreacyjne młodego i średniego pokolenia kobiet i mężczyzn w Polsce, [w:] Sytuacja demograficzna Polski. Raport 2001. Rządowa Rada Ludnościowa, 133–151, Warszawa.
[28] Glaser B.G., 1965, The constant comparative method of qualitative analysis, „Social Problems”, Vol. 12(4), 436–445.
[29] Glaser B.G., Strauss A.L., 1967, The Discover of Grounded Theory. Strategies for Qualitative Research, Aldine, Chicago.
[30] Grzegołowska-Klarkowska H., Szustrowa T., 1991, Technika prowadzenia wywiadu, [w:] T. Szustrowa (red.), Swobodne techniki diagnostyczne. Wywiad i obserwacja, Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych, Warszawa.
[31] Guba E.G., Lincoln Y.S., 2000, Competing paradigms in qualitative research, [w:] N.K. Denzin, Y.S. Lincoln (red.), Handbook of Qualitative Research, 2nd edition, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
[32] Hantrais L., 2005, Combining methods: a key to understanding complexity in European societies? „European Societies”, 7(3), 399–421.
[33] Hutter I., Rajeswari N.V, Morab S.V., Rajaretnam T., 2004, Research for Action in Reproductive Health: Spandana in South India, NIDI Annual Report 2003
[34] Keith J.K., Fry C.L., Glascock A.P., Ikels C., Dicerson-Putnam J., Draper P., Harpending H., 1994, The Aging Experience: Diversity and Commonality Across Cultures, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
[35] Kertzer D.I., Fricke T. (red.), 1997, Anthropological Demography. Towards a New Synthesis, The University Press of Chicago, Chicago, London.
[36] Kertzer D.I., White M.J., Bernardi L. Gabrielli G., 2006, Toward a better theory of very low fertility: lessons from Italy, referat na Annual Meeting of PAA, Los Angeles, 30.03–01.04.2006.
[37] Knodel J., 1997, A case for nonanthropological qualitative methods for demographers, „Population and Development Review”, Vol. 23(4), 847–853.
[38] Knodel J., Havanon N., Pramualratana A., 1984, Fertility transition in Thailand: a qualitative analysis, „Population and Development Review”, Vol. 10(2), 297–328.
[39] Konecki K., 2000, Studia z metodologii badań jakościowych. Teoria gruntowana, PWN, Warszawa.
[40] Kotowska I.E., 1999, Drugie przejście demograficzne i jego uwarunkowania, [w:] I.E. Kotowska (red.), Przemiany demograficzne w Polsce w latach 90. w świetle koncepcji drugiego przejścia demograficznego, Szkoła Główna Handlowa, Warszawa.
[41] Krejtz K., Krejtz I., 2005, Metoda analizy treści – teoria i praktyka badawcza, [w:] K. Stemplewska--Żakowicz, K. Krejtz (red.), Wywiad psychologiczny. Wywiad jako postępowanie badawcze, Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych, Warszawa.
[42] LeGrand T., Koppenhaver T., Mondain N., Randall S., 2003, Reassessing the insurance effect: A qualitative analysis of fertility behaviour in Senegal and Zimbabwe, „Population and Development Review”, Vol. 29(3), 375–403
[43] Lesthaeghe R, Surkyn J., 1988, Cultural dynamics and economic theories of fertility change, „Population and Development Review”, Vol. 14(1), 1–45.
[44] Lesthaeghe R., 1995, The second demographic transition in Western countries: an interpretation, [w]: K.O. Mason, A.M. Jensen (red.), Gender and Family Change in Industrialized Countries, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
[45] Luke N., 2005, Qualitative data analysis, Referat na Annual Meeting of PAA, Qualitative Methods for Demographers Workshop, Filadelfia, 30.03.2005.
[46] Maxwell J., 1996, Qualitative Research Design. An Interactive Approach, Applied Social Research Methods Series, 41. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi.
[47] Maxwell J., 1997, Designing a qualitative study, [w:] L. Bickman, D.J. Rog (red.), Handbook of Applied Social Research Methods, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi.
[48] McNicoll G., 1992, The agenda for population studies: A commentary and complaint, „Population and Development Review”, 18(3), 399–420.
[49] Miles M.B, Huberman A.M., 1994, Qualitative Data Analysis: an Expanded Sourcebook, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
[50] Mynarska M., 2006, Economic constrains and individual fertility choices. An example from Poland, Plakat na European Population Conference, Liverpool, 22–24 czerwca 2006.
[51] Mynarska, M., 2007, Fertility postponement and age norms in Poland: Is there a deadline for parenthood? MPIDR Working Papers WP2007-029, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock.
[52] Mynarska M., Bernardi L., 2007, Meanings and attitudes attached to cohabitation in Poland. Qualitative analyses of the slow diffusion of cohabitation among the young generation, „Demographic Research”, Vol. 16, article 17, 519–554.
[53] Mynarska M., Pamporov A., Jakab M., 2005, An ideal sequence of life events. The use of visual aids whilst interviewing, Plakat na konferencji International Meeting on Postponement of Childbearing in Europe, Wiedeń, 1–3 grudnia 2005.
[54] Obermeyer C.M., 1997, Qualitative methods: a key to a better understanding of demographic behavior? „Population and Development Review”, 23(4), 813–818.
[55] Philipov D., 2003, Fertility in times of discontinuous societal change, [w:] I.E. Kotowska, J. Jóźwiak (red.), Population of Central and Eastern Europe. Challenges and Opportunities, Statistical Publishing Establishment, Warszawa.
[56] Punch K.F., 2005, Introduction to Social Research. Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches, 2nd edition, Sage Publications, London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi.
[57] Randall S., Koppenhaver T., 2004, Qualitative data in demography: The sound of silence and other problems, „Demographic Research”, Vol. 11, article 3, 56–93.
[58] Randall S., LeGrand T., 2003, Reproductive strategies and decisions in Senegal: The role of child mortality, „Population (English Edition)”, Vol. 58(6), 687–715.
[59] Rossier C., 2005, Social interactions and fertility behaviors in France, 1998–2003: two expressions of an orientation towards social cohesion? Referat na konferencji The Anthropological Demography of Europe: state of the art and perspectives” Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, 30 września – 1 października 2005.
[60] Rossier C., Pictet G. Ouédraogo C. (w druku), Is Modern Contraception the Same as Induced Abortion? Discourses on Different Forms of Birth Control and Visions of Reproduction in Rural Burkina Faso, [w:] A. Carter, S. Watkins (red.) Managing Birth and Death: A Global Perspective, Berghahn Press, Oxford.
[61] Schwandt T.A., 2000, Three epistemological stances for qualitative inquiry. Interpretivism, hermeneutics, and social constructionism, [w:] N.K. Denzin, Y. Lincoln (red.), The Handbook of Qualitative Research, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks.
[62] Sobotka T., 2004, Postponement of childbearing and low fertility in Europe, Dutch University Press, Amsterdam.
[63] Steckler A., McLeory K.R., Goodman R.M., Bird S.T., McCormick L., 1992, Toward integrating qualitative and quantitative methods: an introduction, „Health Education Qarterly”, Vol. 19(1), 1–8.
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