Treść głównego artykułu
Abstrakt
W zachodniej literaturze przedmiotu od lat wskazuje się, że koprodukcja (co-production) i współtworzenie (co-creation), które oznaczają włączenie obywateli i reprezentujących
ich organizacji trzeciego sektora w realizację i tworzenie polityk publicznych, wzmacniają mechanizm odpowiedzialności/rozliczalności (accountability). W sensie teoretycznym zarówno koprodukcja i współtworzenie, jak i odpowiedzialność/rozliczalność jako mechanizmy
instytucjonalne posiadają wiele punktów stycznych, wśród których na uwagę zasługuje zwłaszcza ich potencjał transformacji relacji między aktorami instytucjonalnymi.
Zarazem między analizowanymi koncepcjami zachodzi daleko idąca sprzeczność zasadzająca się na odmiennych logikach operacyjnych, z których się wywodzą. Jednocześnie
w dobie upowszechniania modeli zarządzania usługami publicznymi, takich jak governance i model komunitarny, które promują koprodukcję i współtworzenie, policentryczność, sieciowość i układy bardziej partnerskie niż hierarchiczne, jak w przypadku modelu weberowskiego
i nowego zarządzania publicznego, accountability wymaga przekalibrowania w celu odejścia od tradycyjnego ujęcia opartego na normie prawnej i efektywności ekonomicznej.
Artykuł ma charakter teoretyczno-koncepcyjny, a jego trzon opiera się na krytycznej analizie literatury przedmiotu (głównie zachodniej tradycji badawczej PAM). Wyprowadzone z niej założenia zostały następnie zweryfikowane w warunkach polskich na przykładzie mechanizmu usług sąsiedzkich.
Słowa kluczowe
Szczegóły artykułu
Prawa autorskie (c) 2026 Anna Ciepielewska-Kowalik

Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
Czasopismo „Studia z Polityki Publicznej/Public Policy Studies” zapewnia dostęp do treści artykułów w trybie otwartego dostępu (Open Access) na zasadach licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe (CC BY 4.0).
Więcej informacji: Polityka Open Access czasopisma "Studia z Polityki Publicznej/Public Policy Studies"
Referencje
- Bibliografia
- Aaberbach, J. D. i Christensen, T. (2005). Citizens and Consumers. An NMP dilemma, Public Management Review, 7(2): 225-246.
- Alford, J. (1998). A Public Management Road Less Travelled: Clients as Co-producers of Public Services, Australian Journal of Public Administration, 57(4): 128-137.
- Bevir, M., Rhodes, R. A., Weller, P. (2003). Comparative Governance: Prospects and Lessons, Public Administration, 81(1): 191-210.
- Blomqvist, P. (2004). The Choice Revolution: Privatization of Swedish Welfare Services in the 1990s., Social Policy & Administration, 38(2): 139-155.
- Boston, J. (2011). Basic NPM Ideas and Their Development. W: The Ashgate Research Companion to New Public Management (33-48), T. Christensen, P. Lægreid (red.). London: Routledge.
- Bovaird, T. (2007). Beyond Engagement and Participation: User and Community Co-production of Public Services, Public Administration Review, 67(5): 846-860.
- Bovens, M. (2005). Public Accountability. W: The Oxford Handbook of Public Management (182-208), E. Ferlie, L.E. Lynn Jr, C. Pollitt (red.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Bovens, M. (2007). Analysing and Assessing Accountability: A Conceptual Framework, European Law Journal, 13(4): 447-468.
- Bovens, M. (2010). Two concepts of Accountability: Accountability as a Virtue and as a Mechanism, West European Politics, 33(5): 946-967.
- Bovens, M., Schillemans, T., t’Haart, P. (2005). Does Public Accountability work? An Assessment Tool, Public Administration, 86(1): 225-242.
- Brandsen, T., Pestoff, V. (2006). Co-production, the third sector and the delivery of public services. An introduction, Public Management Review, 8(4): 493-501.
- Brandsen, T., Honigh, M. (2016). Distinguishing Different Types of Coproduction: A Conceptual Analysis Based on the Classical Definitions, Public Administration Review, 76(3): 427-435.
- Brandsen, T., Pestoff, V., Verschuere, B. (2012). Co-Production as a Maturing Concept. W: New Public Governance, the Third Sector and Co-Production (1-9), V. Pestoff, T. Brandsen, B. Verschuere (red.). London: Routledge.
- Brandsma, G.J., Schillemans, T. (2013). The Accountability Cube: Measuring Accountability, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 23(4): 953-975.
- xxx (2022). yyyy
- xxxx. (2025). YYY2
- Considine, M. (2002). The End of the Line? Accountable Governance in the Age of Networks, Partnerships, and Joined-Up Services, Governance, 15(1): 21-40.
- Curtin, D., Mair, P., Papadopoulos, Y. (2010). Positioning accountability in European Governance: An Introduction, West European Politics, 33(5): 929-945.
- DiMaggio, P. J., Powell, W. W. (1983). The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields, American Sociological Review, 48(2): 147-160.
- Dunleavy, P., Margetts, H., Bastow, S., Tinkler, J. (2006). New Public Management is Dead - Long Live Digital-Era Governance, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 16(3): 467-494.
- Ferlie, E., Ashburner, L., Fitzgerald, L., Pettigrew, A. (1996). The New Public Management in Action. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Fotaki, M. (2011). Towards Developing New Partnerships in Public Services: Users and Consumers, Citizens and/or Co-Producers in Health and Social Care in England and Sweden, Public Administration, 89(3): 933-995.
- Grabher, G. (2004). Learning in Projects, Remembering in Networks? Communality, Sociality, and Connectivity in Project Ecologies, European Urban and Regional Studies, 11(2): 103-123.
- Grönroos, Ch. (2011). Value co-creation in service logic: A critical analysis, Marketing Theory, 11(3): 279-301.
- Hartley, H. (2005). Innovation in Governance and Public Services: Past and present, Public Money and Management, 25(1): 27-34.
- Hirshmann, A. O. (1970). Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Hood, C. (1991). A Public Management for All Seasons? Public Administration, 69(1): 3-19.
- Hupe, P., Hill, M. (2007). Street-Level Bureaucracy and Public Accountability, Public Administration, 85(2): 279-299.
- Jessop, B. (1998). The rise of governance and the risks of failure: the case of economic development, International Social Science Journal, 50(155): 29-45.
- Kochler-Koch, B. (2010). How to Put Matters Right? Assessing the Role of Civil Society in EU Accountability, West European Politics, 33(5): 1117-1147.
- Jo, S., Nabatchi, T. (2016). Co-Production, Co-Creation, and Citizen Empowerment. W: Co-Production and Co-Creation. Engaging Citizens in Public Services (231-239), T. Brandsen, T. Steen, B. Verschuere (red.). London: Routledge.
- Lerner, J.S., Tetlock, P.E. (1999). Accounting for the Effects of Accountability, Psychological Bulletin, 125(2): 255-275.
- Loeffler, E. (2021). Co-Production of Public Services and Outcomes. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Loeffler, E., Parrado, S., Bovaird, T., van Ryzin, G. (2008). "If you want to go fast, walk alone. If you want to go far, walk together": Citizens and the co-production of public services. Raport to EU Presidency. Paris: Ministry of Finance, Budget & Public Services.
- Mulgan, R. (2003). Holding Power to Account. Accountability in Modern Democracies. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Nabatchi, T., Sancino, A. i Sicilia, M. (2017). Varieties of Partcipation in Public Services: The Who, When, and What of Coproduction. Public Administration Review, 77(5), s. 766-776.
- Osborne, S.P. (2006). The New Public Governance? Public Administration Review, 8(3): 377-387.
- Osborne, S.P. (2010). Delivering Public Services: Time for a new theory? Public Management Review, 12(1): 1-10.
- Osborne, S. P. (2010a). Debate: Delivering public services: Are we asking the right questions? Public Money & Management, 29(1): 5-7.
- Osborne, S. P. (2018). From public service-dominant logic to public service logic: are public service organizations capable of co-production and value co-creation, Public Management Review, 20(2): 225-231.
- Osborne, S. P. (2020). Public Service Logic. Creating Value for Public Service Users, Citizens, and Society Through Public Service Delivery. London: Routledge.
- Osborne, S. P., Randor, Z., Strokosch, K. (2016). Co-Production and the Co-Creation of Value in Public Services: A suitable case for treatment? Public Management Review, 18(5): 639-653.
- Osborne, S. P., Strokosch, K. (2013). It takes Two to Tango? Understanding the Co-production of Public Services by Integrating the Services Management and Public Administration Perspectives, British Journal of Management, 24(S1): S31-S47.
- Pestoff, V. (2019). Co-Production and Public Service Management. Citizenship, Governance and Public Service Management. London: Routledge.
- Pollitt, C. (2016). Managerialism Redux? Financial Accountability & Management, 32(4): 429-447.
- Potter, J. (1988). Consumerism and the Public Sector: How Well does the Coat Fit? Public Administration, 66(2): 149-164.
- Rhodes, R. A. (1996). The New Governance: Governing without Government, Political Studies, 44(4): 652-667.
- Rittel, H. W., Webber, M. M. (1973). Dilemmas in a general theory of planning, Policy Sciences, 4(2): 155-169.
- Romzek, B.S., Dubnick, M.J. (1998). Accountability. W: International Encyclopaedia of Public Policy and Administration, J. Shafritz (red.), Vol. 1: A–C. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
- Sancino, A. (2010). Community governance as a response to economic crisis, Public Money & Management, 30(2): 117-118.
- Torfing, J. (2019). Collborative innovation in the public sector: the argument, Public Management Review, 21(1): 1-11.
- Torfing, J., Triantafillou, P. (2013). What's in a name? Grasping new public governance as a political-administrative system. International Review of Public Administration, 18(2): 9-25.
- Trechsel, A.H. (2010). Reflexive Accountability and Direct Democracy, West European Politics, 33(5): 1050-1064.
- Salamon, L. M., Toepler, S. (2015). Government-Nonprofit Cooperations: Anomaly or Necessity? VOLUNTAS, 26(6): 2155-2177.
- Sicilia, M., Guarini, E., Sancino, A., Andreani, M., Ruffini, R. (2016). Public services management and co-production in multi-level governance settings, International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82(1): 8-27.
- Sześciło, D. (2018). Legal Dilemmas of Co-production and Co-creation. W: Co-Production and Co-Creation. Engaging Citizens in Public Services (137-144), T. Brandsen, T. Steen, B. Verschuere (red.). London: Routledge.
- Voorberg, W., Bekkers, V., Tummers, L. (2015). A Systematic Review of Co-Creation and Co-Production: Embarking on the Social Innovation Journey, Public Management Review, 17(9): 1335-1357.
- Wang, H., Ran, B. (2025). How does citizen-centric co-production lead to value co-creation? A perspective of interactive governance, Public Management Review, 27(3): 768-793.
- Willems, T., Van Dooren, W. (2011). Lost in diffusion? How collaborative arrangements lead to an accountability paradox, International Review of Administrative Sciences, 73(3): 505-530.
Referencje
Bibliografia
Aaberbach, J. D. i Christensen, T. (2005). Citizens and Consumers. An NMP dilemma, Public Management Review, 7(2): 225-246.
Alford, J. (1998). A Public Management Road Less Travelled: Clients as Co-producers of Public Services, Australian Journal of Public Administration, 57(4): 128-137.
Bevir, M., Rhodes, R. A., Weller, P. (2003). Comparative Governance: Prospects and Lessons, Public Administration, 81(1): 191-210.
Blomqvist, P. (2004). The Choice Revolution: Privatization of Swedish Welfare Services in the 1990s., Social Policy & Administration, 38(2): 139-155.
Boston, J. (2011). Basic NPM Ideas and Their Development. W: The Ashgate Research Companion to New Public Management (33-48), T. Christensen, P. Lægreid (red.). London: Routledge.
Bovaird, T. (2007). Beyond Engagement and Participation: User and Community Co-production of Public Services, Public Administration Review, 67(5): 846-860.
Bovens, M. (2005). Public Accountability. W: The Oxford Handbook of Public Management (182-208), E. Ferlie, L.E. Lynn Jr, C. Pollitt (red.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bovens, M. (2007). Analysing and Assessing Accountability: A Conceptual Framework, European Law Journal, 13(4): 447-468.
Bovens, M. (2010). Two concepts of Accountability: Accountability as a Virtue and as a Mechanism, West European Politics, 33(5): 946-967.
Bovens, M., Schillemans, T., t’Haart, P. (2005). Does Public Accountability work? An Assessment Tool, Public Administration, 86(1): 225-242.
Brandsen, T., Pestoff, V. (2006). Co-production, the third sector and the delivery of public services. An introduction, Public Management Review, 8(4): 493-501.
Brandsen, T., Honigh, M. (2016). Distinguishing Different Types of Coproduction: A Conceptual Analysis Based on the Classical Definitions, Public Administration Review, 76(3): 427-435.
Brandsen, T., Pestoff, V., Verschuere, B. (2012). Co-Production as a Maturing Concept. W: New Public Governance, the Third Sector and Co-Production (1-9), V. Pestoff, T. Brandsen, B. Verschuere (red.). London: Routledge.
Brandsma, G.J., Schillemans, T. (2013). The Accountability Cube: Measuring Accountability, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 23(4): 953-975.
xxx (2022). yyyy
xxxx. (2025). YYY2
Considine, M. (2002). The End of the Line? Accountable Governance in the Age of Networks, Partnerships, and Joined-Up Services, Governance, 15(1): 21-40.
Curtin, D., Mair, P., Papadopoulos, Y. (2010). Positioning accountability in European Governance: An Introduction, West European Politics, 33(5): 929-945.
DiMaggio, P. J., Powell, W. W. (1983). The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields, American Sociological Review, 48(2): 147-160.
Dunleavy, P., Margetts, H., Bastow, S., Tinkler, J. (2006). New Public Management is Dead - Long Live Digital-Era Governance, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 16(3): 467-494.
Ferlie, E., Ashburner, L., Fitzgerald, L., Pettigrew, A. (1996). The New Public Management in Action. New York: Oxford University Press.
Fotaki, M. (2011). Towards Developing New Partnerships in Public Services: Users and Consumers, Citizens and/or Co-Producers in Health and Social Care in England and Sweden, Public Administration, 89(3): 933-995.
Grabher, G. (2004). Learning in Projects, Remembering in Networks? Communality, Sociality, and Connectivity in Project Ecologies, European Urban and Regional Studies, 11(2): 103-123.
Grönroos, Ch. (2011). Value co-creation in service logic: A critical analysis, Marketing Theory, 11(3): 279-301.
Hartley, H. (2005). Innovation in Governance and Public Services: Past and present, Public Money and Management, 25(1): 27-34.
Hirshmann, A. O. (1970). Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Hood, C. (1991). A Public Management for All Seasons? Public Administration, 69(1): 3-19.
Hupe, P., Hill, M. (2007). Street-Level Bureaucracy and Public Accountability, Public Administration, 85(2): 279-299.
Jessop, B. (1998). The rise of governance and the risks of failure: the case of economic development, International Social Science Journal, 50(155): 29-45.
Kochler-Koch, B. (2010). How to Put Matters Right? Assessing the Role of Civil Society in EU Accountability, West European Politics, 33(5): 1117-1147.
Jo, S., Nabatchi, T. (2016). Co-Production, Co-Creation, and Citizen Empowerment. W: Co-Production and Co-Creation. Engaging Citizens in Public Services (231-239), T. Brandsen, T. Steen, B. Verschuere (red.). London: Routledge.
Lerner, J.S., Tetlock, P.E. (1999). Accounting for the Effects of Accountability, Psychological Bulletin, 125(2): 255-275.
Loeffler, E. (2021). Co-Production of Public Services and Outcomes. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Loeffler, E., Parrado, S., Bovaird, T., van Ryzin, G. (2008). "If you want to go fast, walk alone. If you want to go far, walk together": Citizens and the co-production of public services. Raport to EU Presidency. Paris: Ministry of Finance, Budget & Public Services.
Mulgan, R. (2003). Holding Power to Account. Accountability in Modern Democracies. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Nabatchi, T., Sancino, A. i Sicilia, M. (2017). Varieties of Partcipation in Public Services: The Who, When, and What of Coproduction. Public Administration Review, 77(5), s. 766-776.
Osborne, S.P. (2006). The New Public Governance? Public Administration Review, 8(3): 377-387.
Osborne, S.P. (2010). Delivering Public Services: Time for a new theory? Public Management Review, 12(1): 1-10.
Osborne, S. P. (2010a). Debate: Delivering public services: Are we asking the right questions? Public Money & Management, 29(1): 5-7.
Osborne, S. P. (2018). From public service-dominant logic to public service logic: are public service organizations capable of co-production and value co-creation, Public Management Review, 20(2): 225-231.
Osborne, S. P. (2020). Public Service Logic. Creating Value for Public Service Users, Citizens, and Society Through Public Service Delivery. London: Routledge.
Osborne, S. P., Randor, Z., Strokosch, K. (2016). Co-Production and the Co-Creation of Value in Public Services: A suitable case for treatment? Public Management Review, 18(5): 639-653.
Osborne, S. P., Strokosch, K. (2013). It takes Two to Tango? Understanding the Co-production of Public Services by Integrating the Services Management and Public Administration Perspectives, British Journal of Management, 24(S1): S31-S47.
Pestoff, V. (2019). Co-Production and Public Service Management. Citizenship, Governance and Public Service Management. London: Routledge.
Pollitt, C. (2016). Managerialism Redux? Financial Accountability & Management, 32(4): 429-447.
Potter, J. (1988). Consumerism and the Public Sector: How Well does the Coat Fit? Public Administration, 66(2): 149-164.
Rhodes, R. A. (1996). The New Governance: Governing without Government, Political Studies, 44(4): 652-667.
Rittel, H. W., Webber, M. M. (1973). Dilemmas in a general theory of planning, Policy Sciences, 4(2): 155-169.
Romzek, B.S., Dubnick, M.J. (1998). Accountability. W: International Encyclopaedia of Public Policy and Administration, J. Shafritz (red.), Vol. 1: A–C. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Sancino, A. (2010). Community governance as a response to economic crisis, Public Money & Management, 30(2): 117-118.
Torfing, J. (2019). Collborative innovation in the public sector: the argument, Public Management Review, 21(1): 1-11.
Torfing, J., Triantafillou, P. (2013). What's in a name? Grasping new public governance as a political-administrative system. International Review of Public Administration, 18(2): 9-25.
Trechsel, A.H. (2010). Reflexive Accountability and Direct Democracy, West European Politics, 33(5): 1050-1064.
Salamon, L. M., Toepler, S. (2015). Government-Nonprofit Cooperations: Anomaly or Necessity? VOLUNTAS, 26(6): 2155-2177.
Sicilia, M., Guarini, E., Sancino, A., Andreani, M., Ruffini, R. (2016). Public services management and co-production in multi-level governance settings, International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82(1): 8-27.
Sześciło, D. (2018). Legal Dilemmas of Co-production and Co-creation. W: Co-Production and Co-Creation. Engaging Citizens in Public Services (137-144), T. Brandsen, T. Steen, B. Verschuere (red.). London: Routledge.
Voorberg, W., Bekkers, V., Tummers, L. (2015). A Systematic Review of Co-Creation and Co-Production: Embarking on the Social Innovation Journey, Public Management Review, 17(9): 1335-1357.
Wang, H., Ran, B. (2025). How does citizen-centric co-production lead to value co-creation? A perspective of interactive governance, Public Management Review, 27(3): 768-793.
Willems, T., Van Dooren, W. (2011). Lost in diffusion? How collaborative arrangements lead to an accountability paradox, International Review of Administrative Sciences, 73(3): 505-530.